Three Electron Bond

Puja Mishra

Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences,

Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Durgapur-713206, WB, India.

*Correspondence : pujamay12@gmail.com

Abstract

Chemical bonds are mainly composed of two electrons that help in the formation of chemical bond. Spectroscopic evidence has confirmed that some bond may show three electron characteristics. These bonds, however not common in nature, may come into occurrence when atoms having specific electronegative difference adjoin to form bonds. Such atoms have mobile lone pair of electrons as they follow resonance shift between the epicenters and hence odd electron imparts various covalent character into the bond so formed between the atoms. Thus the bond is seen to have three electron character which in other words is termed as odd electron bond or three electron bond. Despite having no direct parallel connection with the field of applied science, three electron bond possess huge significance in vivid description of the basic organic chemistry of the compounds such as bond length, ionic character, bond angle, the shape of the molecule hybridization etc. In addition three electron bond concept is used to calculate delocalization energy, explain the specificity of an aromatic bond and represent the actual structure of various compounds. We have aimed to review the basic concept, resonance hypothesis and stability aspect of the three electron bond.

Keywords: odd electron; ionic character; resonance; hybridization